Tips for Scale;

When writing out any scale or one of it’s modes, the rule to follow is only use each letter in the musical alphabet, A-B-C-D-E-F-G, once, and don’t mix sharps and flats in the same scale. 

Never double any notes. Use sharps or flats but never both in the same scale.Mixing sharps and flats in Melodic Minor and Harmonic Minor modes is ok as long as it helps you avoid using 2 of the same notes.

There are twelve different notes in traditional music: C, C#/Db, D, D#/Eb, E, F, F#/Gb, G, G#/Ab, A, A#/Bb, and B. After the B comes the C an octave higher than the first C, and this cycle continues. This sequence is called the chromatic scale.

When you start using these notes on guitar's 6th (Lower) string, which is E. Then it goes E, F, F#/Gb, G, G#/Ab, A, A#/Bb, B, C, C#/Db, D, D#/Eb, and E (octave higher) on 12th fret.

Intervals :-

The interval between two notes is defined by the number of half steps between them. 

Two notes a half step apart, like C and C#, define a minor second.Notes that are two half steps apart, like C and D, define a major second. This is also called a whole step.Expanding by half steps, the remaining intervals are the minor third, major third, perfect fourth, tritone (sometimes "augmented fourth") , perfect fifth, minor sixth, major sixth, minor seventh, major seventh, and finally, the octave.

Diatonic-Major Scale;All scales are simply subsets of the chromatic scale. Most scales have 7 different notes, although some have 5, 6, or 8. 

The simplest scale, which will be used as an example for the discussion of chords, is the C major scale, which is "C, D, E, F, G, A, B".A major scale is defined by the intervals between these notes: "W W H W W W (H)", where "W" indicates a whole step and "H" a half.Or we find as "T T S T T T S", where "T" indicates a tone (whole step) and "S" a semitone (half).

Thus, a G major scale is "G, A, B, C, D, E, F#", with a half step leading to the G that would start the next octave.

Diatonic-Minor Scale;

1. A minor scale is defined by the intervals between these notes:"W H W W H W W", where "W" indicates a whole step and "H" a half.Or we find as "T S T T S T T", where "T" indicates a tone (whole step) and "S" a semitone (half).

2. The scale consisting of the same notes as the C major scale, but starting on A ("A, B, C, D, E, F, G") is the A minor scale. This is called the relative minor of C major, since it is a minor scale built from the same notes. The relative minor of any major scale is formed by playing the same notes starting on the sixth note of the major scale. Thus, the relative minor of G major is E minor.

Key of Scale;

A piece that is based on a particular scale is said to be in the key of that scale.

For instance, a piece based on the notes C, D, E, F, G, A, and B is said to be in the key of either C major or A minor. The chord progression of the piece may distinguish between the two.

Similarly, a piece based on the notes G, A, B, C, D, E, and F# is either in G major or E minor. If the word "major" or "minor" is omitted, "major" is assumed.